In a nutshell ⚡
What is Samegawa?
- Traditional Japanese sword hilt coating is made from ray/shark skin.
- Granular texture for better grip.
- Reinforces the handle against wear and absorbs shocks.
- Tanned, dried, cut, and attached to the Tsuka.
- Covered by a weave (tsukamaki).
- Less durable, authentic synthetic alternatives.
Or read on for detailed information 📚!
Samegawa (鮫皮), literally meaning “shark skin” in Japanese, refers to the traditional shark or ray skin covering the katana’s hilt (Tsuka). Its grainy texture offers exceptional strength and grip, essential for guaranteeing a firm hold and preventing the katana from slipping from the warrior’s hands.
Samegawa functions
Samegawa has more than just a decorative role.
- Grip/anti-slip: Thanks to its irregular, rough surface, Samegawa guarantees optimum grip.
- Wear resistance: Samegawa is extremely durable, resistant to moisture and abrasion, allowing the handle to maintain strength over time.
- Shock-resistant: It reinforces the wooden handle, offering greater resistance to repeated shocks or pressure.
How is a Samegawa made?
Samegawa is a fishing byproduct obtained from the cowtail stingray, commonly consumed in Japan. The stingray is fished for its flesh, while its skin is used for many purposes, including the making of Samegawa for Japanese swords. A stingray skin costs between 40 and 50 pounds, but can be used to make several Same. Although there are different species of shark and ray used, stingray skin is the most commonly used due to its natural pebbly texture and abandonment.
Once the skin has been separated from the flesh, here are the main steps involved in the making of Samegawa:
- Tanning and drying: The skin is first cleaned and tanned to make it more supple and resistant. The soaking process softens the material, making it easier to fit on the handle.
- Cutting: The skin is then cut to the exact dimensions of the Tsuka. As each katana has a specific handle, this step requires great precision.
- Gluing and tensioning: The skin is glued to the handle, then tightly bound until it dries completely. This allows the skin to take on the exact shape of the handle, guaranteeing a perfect fit.
- Lacquering: Once the Samegawa has dried, it is sometimes lacquered to protect it and give it a more refined finish. It can also be tinted to create unique colors.
Samegawa and Tsukamaki
Once the Samegawa has been installed on the handle, it is often covered with a traditional weave called Tsukamaki. This braiding is made from silk or cotton cords, called Tsuka-ITO. The Tsukamaki not only provides an extra layer of comfort and grip but also serves to hold the Samegawa firmly in place. The combination of the two materials ensures a perfect grip.
History and symbolism
In Japanese culture, Samegawa is loaded with symbolism. Shark or ray skin, often perceived as a noble material, embodies strength and resilience. Its natural texture, often compared to small pearls or bumps, was also a symbol of power and harmony with the natural elements.
So it’s no surprise that Samegawa has been used over the centuries to make samurai katanas. In addition to weapons, this material can be found in other traditional Japanese objects, such as katana scabbards Saya), Tanto (knife) handles, and even musical instruments like the shamisen.
Differences between real ray skin and synthetic materials
Nowadays, it’s possible to find katanas whose Samegawa is made from synthetic materials, imitating the texture and appearance of stingray skin. Although these alternatives are more affordable, they don’t offer the same authenticity or durability as real skin.
Here are a few ways to distinguish real ray skin from synthetic versions:
- Irregular texture: Real ray skin has bumps of varying sizes and shapes, while synthetics have a more uniform texture.
- Flexibility: Real skin is more flexible, while synthetics can appear stiffer.
- Odor: Real ray skin can give off a slight fishy odor, unlike synthetic materials.
- Look at the back of the material: real ray skin has a rough, fibrous texture on the inside, while synthetic alternatives have a smoother, more uniform surface.
How to maintain Samegawa?
Samegawa can deteriorate over time, especially if exposed to moisture or extreme conditions. This can lead to discoloration, cracking, or peeling. In such cases, replacement may be necessary. For synthetic versions, such as vegan Same, durability issues may occur more frequently.
It’s essential to keep the Samegawa clean and dry, avoiding excessive heat or humidity. If the skin starts to deteriorate, it is advisable to consult a professional to determine whether repair or replacement is necessary. Good maintenance extends the lifespan and value of the katana.
How much does a Samegawa cost?
The price of a Samegawa varies according to the material:
- Genuine ray skin: between 20 and 150 pounds, depending on quality.
- Synthetic: between 10 and 20 pounds, less durable but more affordable.